Rotating treadmill training reduces freezing in Parkinson disease: Preliminary observations

Treadmill training for individuals with Parkinson disease.

Detection of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease: Preliminary Results

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common symptom in Parkinsonism, which affects the gait pattern and is associated to a fall risk. Automatized FOG episode detection would allow systematic assessment of patient state and objective evaluation of the clinical effects of treatments. Techniques have been proposed in the literature to identify FOG episodes based on the frequency properties of inertial sens...

Cognitive training in Parkinson disease

Objective: To quantify the effects of cognitive training (CT) on cognitive and behavioral outcome measures in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Methods: We systematically searched 5 databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CT in patients with PD reporting cognitive or behavioral outcomes. Efficacy was measured as standardized mean difference (Hedges g) of post-training change. R...

Advances with MRI in Parkinson disease: from freezing to festination.

Degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and intracellular deposition of Lewy body inclusions are the pathologic hallmarks of Parkinson disease (PD). Depletion of dopamine and other neurotransmitters results in motor (rest tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity) and nonmotor (cognitive impairment, sleep disorders, fatigue, and depression) symptoms. Distinguishing idiopathic PD from ...

Pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation improves gait freezing in Parkinson disease.

BACKGROUND Pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) stimulation is a novel therapy for Parkinson disease. However, controversies remain regarding the clinical application of this new therapy, including patient selection, electrode positioning, and how best to assess outcomes. OBJECTIVE To clarify the clinical application of PPN stimulation in Parkinson disease. METHODS Five consecutive patients with ...